An osteological study of Nasca trophy heads collected by A.L. Kroeber during the Marshall Field Expeditions to Peru / Sloan R. Williams, Kathleen Forgey, Elizabeth Klarich.

Abstract

NascaTrophy Heads 1 Archaeological Background 2. Superior view of specimen 1 30 3. Specimen 1 mandible 31 4. Frontal view of specimen 2 32 5. Lateral view of specimen 2 33 6.Posterior view of specimen 2 34 7. Frontal view of specimen 3 35 8. Lateral view of specimen 3 36 9. Superior view of specimen 3 37 10.Inferior view of specimen 3 38 1 1 .Frontal view of specimen 4 39 12. Lateral view of specimen 4 40 13.Superior view of specimen 4 41 14.Inferior view of specimen 4 42 15.Overview of specimen 5 43 1 6.Frontal view of specimen 5 44 17.Lateral view of specimen 5 45 18. Posterior view of specimen 5 46 19.Frontal view of specimen 6 47 20.Lateral view of specimen 6 48 2 1 .Posterior view of specimen 6 49 22.Frontal view of specimen 7 50 23.Lateral view of specimen 7 51 24.Posterior view of specimen 7 52 25.Frontal view of specimen 8 53 26.Lateral view of specimen 8 54 27.Superior view of specimen 8 55 28.Frontal view of specimen 9 56 29.Lateral view of specimen 9 57 30.Superior view of specimen 9 58 31.Inferior view of specimen 9 59 32.Frontal view of specimen 10 60 33.Lateral view of specimen 10 61 34.Superior view of specimen 10 62 35.Inferior view of specimen 10 63 36.Frontal view of specimen 11 64 37. Lateral view of specimen 11 65 38.Superior view of specimen 11 66 39.Inferior view of specimen 11 67 40.Frontal view of specimen 12 68 41.Lateral view of specimen 12 69 42.Superior view of specimen 12 70 43.Inferior view of specimen 12 71 44.Frontal view of specimen 13 72 45.Lateral view of specimen 13 73 46.Superior view of specimen 13 74 47.Posterior view of specimen 13 75 48.Frontal view of specimen 14 76 49.Lateral view of specimen 14 77 50.Superior view of specimen 14 78 51.Inferior view of specimen 14 79 52.Frontal view of specimen 15 80 53.Lateral view of specimen 15 81 54.Superior view of specimen 15 82 55.Inferior view of specimen 15 83 56.Frontal view of specimen 16 84 57.Lateral view of specimen 16 85 58.Superior view of specimen 16 86 59.Inferior view of specimen 16 87 60.Frontal view of specimen 17 88 61.Lateral view of specimen 17 89 62. Superior view of specimen 17 90 63.Posterior view of specimen 17 91 64.Superior view of vault fragment of specimen 18 92 65.Cut marks along squamosal suture on specimen 2 106 66. Horizontal cut marks on right orbital process of frontal bone of specimen 9 ... 1 07 67.Cut marks on orbital process of right frontal bone of specimen 17 1 08 68.Cut marks on nasal bones and maxilla of specimen 17 1 09 69.Vertical cut marks on frontal bone of specimen 17 110 70.Cut marks on mandible of specimen 17 Ill 7 1 .Grave artifact associated with speci- mens 17 and 18, Paredones: "Proto- Nazca" bowl 119 72.Grave artifact associated with speci- mens 17 and 18, Paredones: sheet cop- per around wood 120 73.Grave artifact associated with speci- mens 17 and 18, Paredones: Epigonal jar 121 74.Grave artifact associated with speci- mens 17 and 18, Paredones: Epigonal jar 122 75.Grave artifact associated with speci- mens 17 and 18, Paredones: jar frag- ments 123 76.Grave artifact associated with speci- mens 17 and 18, Paredones: plate frag- ments 1 24 77.Grave artifact associated with speci- mens 17 and 18, Paredones: incom- plete flaring bowl 125 78.Grave artifact associated with speci- mens 17 and 18, Paredones: plate 126 79.Grave artifact associated with speci- mens 17 and 18, Paredones: plate 127 80. Cloth fragments and sherds associated with specimen 15, Grave 6, Majoro Chico 128 81.Grave artifacts associated with speci- men 13, Grave 17, Cantayo Cax 129 82.Tapestry wool cloth, Epigonal type, as- sociated with specimens 3-8, Mound A, Cahuachi 130 83.Grave artifact from Cahuachi: cloth .... 131 84.Grave textiles from Cahuachi 132 Tables 1. Inventory of specimens 94 2. Summary of trophy head information .. 96 3. Age and sex distribution by site 97 4. Summary of frontal bone perforation and cranial base breakage areas 98 5. Evidence of trophy head preparation ... 100 6.Cut mark characteristics and distribu- tion

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