Know First, Tell Later

Abstract

Craig propounds a broad method and within it a strategy for arriving at an elucidation of concepts, and proposes an account of our concept of knowledge—KNOWS—developed through his own implementation of that strategy. According to Craig our concept KNOWS has evolved from an earlier more subjective concept first introduced to meet a need to ‘flag good sources of information’. This chapter argues against Craig: the account of KNOWS that his implementation of his strategy yields is shown to be incorrect; his reductive-historical implementation of his broad method in relation to KNOWS is shown to be incoherent. The final section sketches a non-reductive current-role account of KNOWS, revealing the two links that constrain the epistemic standards for satisfying KNOWS: first, that it is the norm governing assertion; second, that it is the standard for practical reasoning leading to action. These are two aspects of the same fact.

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