Hybridity in ways of speaking: The glocalization of English in Singapore

Abstract

This chapter examines the reconceptualization of Singlish and the so-called glocalization of English in Singapore. It proposes a model of variation of English in indigenized contexts, originally conceived as the Cultural Orientation Model (COM), which explains variation in relation to the global-local contrast of the cultural orientations of speakers. It suggests that glocalization offers a dynamic orientation for understanding the ways in which people appropriate English for their own purposes, but who are at the same time constrained by institutional discourses and policies favouring standardization and conformity.

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