The German Headscarf Debate

Abstract

For employment relationships outside of the civil service (e.g., a saleswoman), compare BVerfG [Federal Constitutional Court], NJW 56 (2003), 2815, and the decision below, Bundesarbeitsgericht [BAG] [Federal Employment Court], NJW 56 (2003), 1685, with Landesarbeitsgericht Hessen [LAG Hessen] [Hessen State Employment Court], NJW 54 (2001), 3650.For the issue of presenting personal identification documents with or without head coverings for both foreigners and German citizens, see Verwaltungsgerichtshof München [VGH München] [Munich Court of Administrative Appeals], NVWZ 2000, 952, and Verwaltungsgericht Berlin [VG Berlin] [Berlin Administrative Trial Court], NVWZ 1990, 100. 7. Cf.Headscarf Decision, BVerfGE 108, 282 (338), NJW 56 (2003), 3111 (3121), 2 BvR 1436/02, para.133 (Jentsch, Di Fabio & Mellinghoff, dissenting).8. The Land Northrhine-Westphalia has expressly opted for a tolerant stance towards Muslim teachers wearing a headscarf while teaching.Mal Hü, mal Hott [First One Thing, Then Another], SPIEGEL ONLINE, Oct. 3, 2003, at http://www.spiegel.de/unispiegel/stadium/0,1518,268138,00.htm (on file with the BYU Law Review).That is, the Land has declined to legislate even though there are currently at least fifteen teachers in the Land who wear a headscarf while teaching.Id.The Land Minister of Education [Schulministerin], Ute Schäfer, a Social Democrat, has explained that wearing a headscarf while teaching has never led to a conflict within the school, stating that "this is a sign of the high degree of toleration of people in our Bundesland."Id. ("Ich glaube, dass dies auch ein Zeichen der großen Toleranz der Menschen in unserem Bundesland ist.").9.

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