Group consensus processes on cognitive bias tasks

Abstract

Ninety-six university students (66 males and 30 females) responded to four short problems associated with one of the following three cognitive biases: Representativeness, availability, and inappropriate diagnostic reasoning. The subjects either worked on the problems individually or as members of four-person groups, discussing the problems in order to reach group judgments. Social Decision Scheme Theory (Davis, 1973) was used to test six hypothesized group consensus processes. Results showed that the best fitting Social Decision Schemes varied across tasks, ranging from “truth-supported wins”(a process that leads groups to increased performance) to “bias wins”(a process that leads groups to a higher proportion of biased decisions).

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