Application of High-Sensitivity GPS for a Highly-Integrated Automated Longitudinal Travel Behavior Diary

Abstract

This paper provides an overview of travel surveys, including literature review and background, as well as the motivation for the research and development of the Global Positioning System Automated Travel Diary (GPS-ATD). The system requirements and specifications for the device development are presented and discussed. In addition, the detailed architecture, hardware, software, and user interface design are included. Vehicular and personal GPS-ATD systems were developed to support comprehensive traveler behavior studies. The GPS-ATD provides an intuitive user interface to capture trip activity information (trip purpose, travel mode, etc.), with minimal user input and burden during travel surveys. Each survey participant interacts with their own personal GPS-ATD, and information is automatically coordinated between personal and vehicular GPS-ATD units via ZigBee wireless. The system captures and logs data from the High-Sensitivity GPS (HSGPS) receiver, allowing subsequent identification of corridors, route lengths, and regional and inter-regional trips. The primary sensor is the HSGPS receiver. For the vehicular GPS-ATD, inertial sensing (MEMS gyro and accelerometers) is also provided to fill in the gaps during GPS outages and cold starts. To obtain vehicle sensor information, the GPSATD uses ZigBee wireless communications to the car computer On-Board Diagnostics connector (OBD-II). Following the design discussion, complete system testing and results are presented. The paper concludes with recommendations for future work related to the GPSATD and its use in the 2010 California Statewide Household Travel Survey.

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