¿Frenos al empoderamiento económico? Factores que limitan la inserción laboral y la calidad del empleo de las mujeres: el caso chileno

Abstract

This paper explains the differences in men and women’s labor market outcomes. We distinguish between intrinsic and imposed gender constraints on women’s participation in the labor market in Chile. Using data from the 2011 survey “Encuesta de Caracterización Socioeconómica Nacional”, we apply probability models to five stages of labor trajectories, decomposing gender gaps at each stage. Results confirm that women’s labor supply is restricted by the existence of cultural barriers associated with the traditional sexual division of labor. This hinders their job market performance, leading to jobs with higher informality levels and lower levels of job quality in comparison to men. In addition, we find that institutional mechanisms reproduce these limitations through discrimination and segregation.

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