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This paper describes the second of three fieldwork studies in the context of the research project “Grassroots GIS. Development of low cost mapping and publishing methods for slums and slum-upgrading projects in Manila”, financed by the School of Design and Environment, Department of Architecture, National University of Singapore (NUS). The project follows from preparatory work and the first investigative fieldtrip by the authors in 2010, which had been published the year before (AUTHOR & AUTHOR 2010). The research is conducted in combination with special landscape design studios in the context of the NUS Master of Landscape Architecture programme. These studio projects are related to and organised in cooperation with the Philippine grassroots movement Gawad Kalinga (GK). The mission of Gawad Kalinga – meaning to give care – reads as follows: “Building Communities to End Poverty”. The method is simple: “Land for the Landless. Homes for the Homeless. Food for the Hungry” (GK 2010). Beneficiaries work hand-in-hand in bayanihan (Filipino term for teamwork and cooperation) with GK volunteers in building the infrastructure and structures of the community (Fig. 1). The kapitbahayan (association of GK homeowners) composed of the beneficiaries themselves, take on multiple roles and undergo various leadership trainings. The beneficiaries learn to take ownership of their community and are empowered to help themselves and help others (AUTHOR & AUTHOR 2010).
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Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.
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