Parents’ time with a partner in a cross-national context: A comparison of the United States, Spain, and France

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Time shared with a partner is an indicator of marital well-being and couples want to spend time together. However, time with a partner depends on work and family arrangements as well as the policies, norms, and values that prevail in society. Contrary to time spent with children, couples' shared time in cross-national context is relatively unstudied. Previous studies from specific countries show that dual-earner couples spend less time together and that parents spend less time alone together. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study is to investigate partnered parents' shared time across countries to understand how social conditions, cultural norms, and policy contexts are related to the amount and nature of couples' shared time. Specifically, we compare time with a partner in the US, France, and Spain. METHODS: indicates the minutes per day spent with a partner and a child at the same time. RESULTS: Our results show that American couples spend the least time together, and Spanish couples spend the most time together. Parents in France spend the most time alone together. The most striking difference across countries is in time with a partner and children, which is much higher among Spanish families. CONCLUSION: Paid work constraints explain a small part of the differences in couples' shared time that we observe between countries. Differences in couples' shared time across countries seem to be related to social norms surrounding family and general time use.

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