‘Mae pobl monolingual yn minority’: Factors Favouring the Production of Code Switching by Welsh–English Bilingual Speakers

Abstract

This chapter reports on the results of an automatic analysis of 67,515 clauses from a Welsh-English corpus ( www.bangortalk.org.uk and http://talkbank.org/data/BilingBank/Bangor ) collected from 151 speakers. We aimed to identify the role of age, gender, first language acquired, the language of education, social network, and the accuracy of self-report regarding individuals’ code switching. We studied both intraclausal and interclausal code switching, using an innovative automatic glossing mechanism to extract clauses and analysis by Rbrul relating extralinguistic factors to the production of bilingual versus monolingual clauses. Our results showed that both intraclausal and interclausal code switching were more common in younger speakers and those who had acquired Welsh and English simultaneously, and that people were surprisingly accurate in reporting their own code-switching usage. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

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