Ancient Indians (Harappan Settlement) were Aware of Tsunami/Storm Protection Measures:A New Interpretation of Thick Walls at Dholavira, Gujarat, India

R. Nigam · Rupal Dubey · Rajeev Saraswat · Sundaresh · Aniruddh S. Gaur · Victor Joseph Loveson

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Maritime and Coastal Archaeology Global Maritime and Colonial Histories Earthquake and Tsunami Effects

Abstract

Dholavira is a Harappan city in Gujarat, India whose fortification, with maximum wall thickness of up to 18 m is extraordinary. The probable cause of such a massive protective wall is yet to be addressed. Based on (i) the location of Dholavira along tsunami/stormprone coast; (ii) climatic scenario during the mid-Holocene with special reference to higher sea level and (iii) lack of proto-historic military evidences, we hypothesize that the walls may have acted as defence against tsunami/sea storm. The presence of extremely thick protective walls thus implies that the Dholavirans were probably aware of the magnitude of destruction caused by tsunami waves/storms.

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