A STUDY ON THE BLOCK FORMATION AND ITS SUBDIVISION INTO THE HOUSING LOTS IN THE INNER CITY OF BEIJING : An analysis of Qianlong Jingcheng Quantu, map of the Capital city of Qianlong-Period (1750)

Abstract

Qianlong Jingcheng Quantu, the the oldest map of Beijing in the Qianlong period (1750), pictures the various institutional facilities and Beijing-courtyard houses called Siheyuan in the Inner City of Beijing. The street block which form the whole plan of Beijing are different district though they are considered to follow the strict grid pattern. The Beijing is compose of almost infinite Siheyuan and Siheyuan-type facilities. The type of Siheyuan relates to the block division and subdivision system in larger scheme. Firstly, this paper distinguishes the chronological order of street patterns based on the analysis of maps and literature, and then considers the connection of the courtyard type and its related site. In addition, this research discusses transformation process of the Beijin-courtyard residences, with following analysis on courtyard subdivision development. This paper aims to illustrate the historical formation and transformation of physical residential environment of Beijing, and to propose a guide to the historic architectural-and environmental conservation.

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