Poverty among Foster Children: Estimates Using the Supplemental Poverty Measure

Jessica Pac · Jane Waldfogel · Christopher Wimer

45 citations0/0 files storedSocial Service Review

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Child Welfare and Adoption Income, Poverty, and Inequality Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare

Abstract

We use data from the Current Population Survey and the new Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) to provide estimates for poverty among foster children over the period 1992 to 2013. These are the first large-scale national estimates for foster children who are not included in official poverty statistics. Holding child and family demographics constant, foster children have a lower risk of poverty than other children. Analyzing income in detail suggests that foster care payments likely play an important role in reducing the risk of poverty in this group. In contrast, we find that children living with grandparents have a higher risk of poverty than other children, even after taking demographics into account. Our estimates suggest that this excess risk is likely linked to their lower likelihood of receiving foster care or other income supports.

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References

1994A comparison of kinship foster homes and foster family homes: Implications for kinship foster care as family preservation 2002Kin and non-kin foster care—findings from a National Survey 2008Race and child maltreatment reporting: Are Blacks overrepresented?2006Placement into foster care and the interplay of urbanicity, child behavior problems, and poverty.2016Income and child maltreatment in unmarried families: evidence from the earned income tax credit 2002Welfare reforms, family resources, and child maltreatment 1996Pathways of Older Adolescents out of Foster Care: Implications for Independent Living Services 2001Foster Family Characteristics and Behavioral and Emotional Problems of Foster Children: A Narrative Review*

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