Successful Aging Through the Years: Past and Present Interpretations and the Future of an Integrated Model

Evan Gammon · Patricia L. Weir · Sean Horton · Nancy H. McNevin

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Aging and Gerontology Research Aging, Elder Care, and Social Issues Aging, Health, and Disability

Abstract

Recent theories of successful aging (SA) challenge the notions set forth by researchers Rowe and Kahn, whose influential model has been viewed as being primarily biomedical in nature. This article reviews the historical context of SA, highlighting the importance of ideologies rooted in biomedical beliefs, but also presents psychosocial models adopted by researchers from perspectives of laypersons that challenge these concepts. While having good health is important into later life, we argue that the Rowe and Kahn model is incomplete in its scope and lacking holistic interpretations of the aging process. More recently, it has been argued that aging success is more than just maintaining good health (i.e., cognitive and physical functional capacities) and that adaptation and compensation are integral in considering whether one is aging successfully.

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