Optimism and Well-Being in Hungarian Employees: First Application and Test of a Situational Judgment Approach to Explanatory Style

Abstract

Research on the explanatory style model of optimistic mindset has burgeoned in the la st decades.The present study presents the first examination of a new measure of the optimistic mindset, the MQ Test.The MQ Test u ses 3 6 persona l and work situations for prompting responses; however, it applies a situational judgment test approach.In the present study, crosssectional data with 437 Hungarian employees showed low to acceptable level of internal consistency and good test-retest reliability for the subscales.Exploratory and confirmative factor analyses provided evidence for separate sub-dimensions of negative (N) and positive (P) events.Accordingly, a 14 item Short MQ Test version was developed with P and N subscales.Structural equation models showed that P and N were differently and positively related to dispositional optimism, hope, self-esteem, self-efficacy and satisfaction with life.The limitations and potential merits of the MQ Test are discussed, along with its potential further development.

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