Letter to the Editor — The Bias Snowball and the Bias Cascade Effects: Two Distinct Biases that May Impact Forensic Decision Making

Itiel E. Dror · Ruth M. Morgan · Carolyn Rando · Sherry Nakhaeizadeh

62 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Forensic Sciences

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Legal processes and jurisprudence Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics Deception detection and forensic psychology

Abstract

Seven different potential sources of bias are presented in Fig. 1 (for their full descriptions and examples see ( 1)).They include innate sources relating to the mere fact that we are human (the very bottom of the taxonomy), general sources that emerge from the experience, training and environment in which forensic examiners operate, and also the specifics of the case being investigated (the top of the taxonomy that includes the improper use of reference material as "targets" that drive the forensic comparison-suspect-driven bias-i.e., working back-ward from the suspect/target to the evidence, rather than the other way around; see (1,2) for details).Official bodies, such as the UK Forensic Regulator (3) and the US National Commission on Forensic Science (4), have now acknowledged the potential of cognitive bias in forensic work.

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References

2013The forensic confirmation bias: Problems, perspectives, and proposed solutions.2017Human expert performance in forensic decision making: Seven different sources of bias 2014Contextual bias and cross-contamination in the forensic sciences: the corrosive implications for investigations, plea bargains, trials and appeals

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