Food Environment and Weight Change: Does Residential Mobility Matter?

Barbara A. Laraia · Janelle M. Downing · Y. Tara Zhang · William H. Dow · Maggi Kelly · Samuel D. Blanchard +5 more

16 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Epidemiology

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Urban Transport and Accessibility Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet

Abstract

Associations between neighborhood food environment and adult body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)2) derived using cross-sectional or longitudinal random-effects models may be biased due to unmeasured confounding and measurement and methodological limitations. In this study, we assessed the within-individual association between change in food environment from 2006 to 2011 and change in BMI among adults with type 2 diabetes using clinical data from the Kaiser Permanente Diabetes Registry collected from 2007 to 2011. Healthy food environment was measured using the kernel density of healthful food venues. Fixed-effects models with a 1-year-lagged BMI were estimated. Separate models were fitted for persons who moved and those who did not. Sensitivity analysis using different lag times and kernel density bandwidths were tested to establish the consistency of findings. On average, patients lost 1 pound (0.45 kg) for each standard-deviation improvement in their food environment. This relationship held for persons who remained in the same location throughout the 5-year study period but not among persons who moved. Proximity to food venues that promote nutritious foods alone may not translate into clinically meaningful diet-related health changes. Community-level policies for improving the food environment need multifaceted strategies to invoke clinically meaningful change in BMI among adult patients with diabetes.

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References

1978Specification Tests in Econometrics 2003Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2002 2013Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2012 2011Neighborhoods, Obesity, and Diabetes — A Randomized Social Experiment 2009The built environment and obesity: A systematic review of the epidemiologic evidence 2003The (mis)estimation of neighborhood effects: causal inference for a practicable social epidemiology 2008Neighborhood Food Environment and Walkability Predict Obesity in New York City 2008Neighborhood Resources for Physical Activity and Healthy Foods and Their Association With Insulin Resistance

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2019Combining Nonclinical Determinants of Health and Clinical Data for Research and Evaluation: Rapid Review 2023Residential relocation to assess impact of changes in the living environment on cardio-respiratory health: A narrative literature review with considerations for exposome research 2023A spatial obesity risk score for describing the obesogenic environment using kernel density estimation: development and parameter variation

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