Decreased drinking and Alcoholics Anonymous are associated with different dimensions of spirituality.

Amy R. Krentzman · Stephen Strobbe · Jeanette Irene Harris · Jennifer M. Jester · Elizabeth A. Robinson

39 citations0/0 files storedPsychology of Religion and Spirituality

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Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes Workplace Spirituality and Leadership

Abstract

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a spiritual program and involvement in it has been associated with increases in spirituality. Some who pursue recovery outside AA also use spirituality for support. Decreasing drinking without AA involvement might result in spiritual change, but this has not been explored in previous research. This study investigates drinking and AA behavior to determine their association with seven dimensions of subsequent spirituality. METHODS: A 30-month panel study recruited 364 individuals with alcohol dependence. Multilevel models examined drinking and AA at six months as predictors of both the levels and trajectories of seven dimensions of spirituality assessed five times over 6 - 30 months. RESULTS: Controlling for AA involvement, less drinking was associated with higher levels of purpose in life, self-forgiveness, and spiritual/religious practices. Controlling for drinking, greater AA involvement was associated with higher levels of positive religious coping, daily spiritual experiences, forgiveness of others, and spiritual/religious practices. Neither AA nor drinking predicted trajectories of spirituality. Data visualizations identified a pattern of elevated purpose in life and self-forgiveness among individuals who were abstinent and among individuals who drank less intensely. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced drinking influenced aspects of spirituality that have been shown to respond to experience and maturation. AA was associated with aspects of spirituality embedded in the 12 steps which have been shown to be responsive to learning and modeling. This knowledge has the potential to inform decisions about recovery options, and contributes to theoretical understandings of the nature of spiritual change over the course of addiction recovery.

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References

2002The daily spiritual experience scale: development, theoretical description, reliability, exploratory factor analysis, and preliminary construct validity using health-related data 1964An experimental study in existentialism: The psychometric approach to Frankl's concept ofnoogenic neurosis 1968Cross-validation of Purpose-in-Life test based on Frankl's concepts.2007Six-Month Changes in Spirituality, Religiousness, and Heavy Drinking in a Treatment-Seeking Sample*2011Six-Month Changes in Spirituality and Religiousness in Alcoholics Predict Drinking Outcomes at Nine Months 2013Spirituality-Based Recovery From Drug Addiction in the Twelve-Step Fellowship of Narcotics Anonymous

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