Constructing the Peripheries: Extra-Urban Sanctuaries and Peer-Polity Interaction in Iron Age Cyprus

Sabine Fourrier

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Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History Classical Antiquity Studies Ancient Near East History

Abstract

A focus on extra-urban sanctuaries and their proliferation during a specific era has the potential of highlighting regional networks of exchange among centers and peripheries while also recognizing the complex relationships between urban and rural landscapes. This paper aims at defining the dynamic role of sanctuaries in the construction of the spatial, but also ideological and political environment of the Cypriot kingdoms. I argue that the Cypriot Iron Age polities experienced a territorialization process in the Archaic period, and that the proliferation of extra-urban sanctuaries is an outcome of this process. Sanctuaries were places of display that promoted homogeneity in the kingdom and extended the reach of primary urban centers; as such, they were important markers in the kings' strategies of legitimization. However, not all kingdoms experienced this process at the same pace or at the same time. The central Mesaoria region—which was successively the heartland of a powerful kingdom (Idalion) in the Archaic period and then a territory coveted by competing polities (Kition and Salamis) in the Classical period—offers a case study, as does the kingdom of Kition, which had apparently no firm territorial basis before Idalion's absorption.

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References

2005Oxford: Oxford University 2005Cambridge: Cambridge University 1996Macedonian institutions under the kings 2002The Sydney Cyprus Survey Project: Social Approaches to Regional Archaeological Survey 2005Mediterranean Urbanization 800-600 BC 2013Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum 1994Archaic Cyprus 1987Volumen III, Librorum deperditorum fragmenta

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2019Palaepaphos: Unlocking the Landscape Context of the Sanctuary of the Cypriot Goddess 2021Resilient Social Actors in the Transition from the Late Bronze to the Early Iron Age on Cyprus 2013The Iconography of Basileis in Archaic and Classical Cyprus: Manifestations of Royal Power in the Visual Record 2013Building Power: Palaces and the Built Environment in Cyprus in the Archaic and Classical Periods 2022Prehistorical International Relations: How, Why, What 2015Shedding light on the Cypriot rural landscape: Investigations of the Athienou Archaeological Project in the Malloura Valley, Cyprus, 2011–2013

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