Guidelines for the Gamification of Self-Management of Chronic illnesses: Multimethod Study

Alaa AlMarshedi · Gary Brian Wills · Ashok Ranchhod

24 citations0/0 files storedJMIR Serious Games

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Educational Games and Gamification Mobile Health and mHealth Applications Digital Mental Health Interventions

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Gamification is the use of game elements and techniques in nongaming contexts. The use of gamification in health care is receiving a great deal of attention in both academic research and the industry. However, it can be noticed that many gamification apps in health care do not follow any standardized guidelines. OBJECTIVE: This research aims to (1) present a set of guidelines based on the validated framework the Wheel of Sukr and (2) assess the guidelines through expert interviews and focus group sessions with developers. METHODS: Expert interviews (N=6) were conducted to assess the content of the guidelines and that they reflect the Wheel of Sukr. In addition, the guidelines were assessed by developers (N=15) in 5 focus group sessions, where each group had an average of 3 developers. RESULTS: The guidelines received support from the experts. By the end of the sixth interview, it was determined that a saturation point was reached. Experts agreed that the guidelines accurately reflect the framework the Wheel of Sukr and that developers can potentially use them to create gamified self-management apps for chronic illnesses. Moreover, the guidelines were welcomed by developers who participated in the focus group sessions. They found the guidelines to be clear, useful, and implementable. Also, they were able to suggest many ways of gamifying a nongamified self-management app when they were presented with one. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the guidelines introduced in this research are clear, useful, and ready to be implemented for the creation of self-management apps that use the notion of gamification as described in the Wheel of Sukr framework. The guidelines are now ready to be practically tested. Further practical studies of the effectiveness of each element in the guidelines are to be carried out.

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2005How Many Interviews Are Enough?2014Does Gamification Work? -- A Literature Review of Empirical Studies on Gamification 2014Gamification in theory and action: A survey 2011Gamification. using game-design elements in non-gaming contexts 2016Gamification for health and wellbeing: A systematic review of the literature 2014Demographic differences in perceived benefits from gamification 2013Gamification: What It Is and Why It Matters to Digital Health Behavior Change Developers 2014Just a Fad? Gamification in Health and Fitness Apps

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