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Resilience and reserve are related. Resilience can be conceived of as tolerance to challenge, while reserve represents excess capacity. Both can be assessed using performance measures that extend the ability to discriminate levels of health. Resilience can be assessed by challenge tests such as dual task protocols while reserve can be assessed by adding more difficult items to existing performance tests. Resilience and reserve testing are most appropriate for individuals who perform at or near the ceiling on a performance test, while such high level testing can result in missing data in persons with poor performance. Using data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, examples of the benefits and limitations of tests of resilience and reserve will be presented.
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