The state‐of‐the‐art of open peer review: Early adopters

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study examined 155 open peer review (OPR) journals. Open peer review is an emerging phenomenon that can be characterized by two factors: transparency and openness. Transparency requires that the referee and the author are known to each other during the process; openness requires that referees' review reports are publicly accessible in the same way as the articles. The current practices of OPR by the open access (OA) journals vary in levels of transparency and openness. The purpose of the study is to understand the state‐of‐the‐art of OPR in publishing scientific research. The preliminary results show that the majority of the OPR journals are in the field of medicine and related. Identity of authors and reviewers may be revealed at different stages of the peer review process. As early as the time when a manuscript is submitted, the author can choose to have the manuscript under blind review or open review. For open review submissions, the reviewer must sign the report but can decline to review it. The review history, including comments, all versions of the manuscript, plus author's rebuttals, may be published alongside of the paper. The peer review process may be totally transparent and open without an editor in charge.

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