Emotional Intelligence

Abstract

Emotional intelligence provides a lens that helps us to critically engage with, and analyze, ourselves and the social world around us. While formal definition of emotional intelligence did not happen until the 1990s, we now have a clear understanding of how cognitive development during childhood contributes to the development of emotional intelligence through advancing language acquisition, growth in theory of mind, and executive functions. This entry discusses that work, moving on to then consider how children develop emotional intelligence through their caregiver, peer, and teacher relationships, where there are opportunities for direct teaching and coaching from others, and chances to discuss how others feel and respond to emotions. In childhood, emotional intelligence contributes to social and academic competencies and mental health, and this entry discusses those empirical findings. Social and emotional learning programs have been developed for children, and this entry discusses a successful program focused specifically on emotional intelligence development.

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