Folsom Mobility and Organization of Lithic Technology: A View from Blackwater Draw, New Mexico

Abstract

In a 1988 article, Kelly identified the variable role of bifaces in the organization of hunter-gatherer lithic technology as cores, long use-life tools, and products of the shaping process. He also proposed that biface function was detennined largely by the interplay among raw material availability, anticipated stone tool needs, and group mobility. This paper discusses the role of bifaces as cores in the organization of Folsom lithic technology for groups who occupied interior areas of the Sou them Plains. Frank Broilo’s (1971) model of regional Paleoindian settlement is employed to examine the role of bifaces as cores. It is postulated that highly mobile Folsom groups of interior zones in the South em Plains manufactured large biface cores as an adaptive response in the organization of technology. Several cores of this type have been recovered over the years from Blackwater Draw. Use of biface cores helped solve problems posed by great distances traveled between stone sources in central Texas, and food resource activity locations on the Llano Estacada.

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