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Statistical power of clinical trials increased while effect size remained stable: an empirical analysis of 136,212 clinical trials between 1975 and 2014

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References

2015Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science8,516 cited
2013Power failure: why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience7,634 cited
2017Empirical assessment of published effect sizes and power in the recent cognitive neuroscience and psychology literature760 cited
2013The Impact of Study Size on Meta-analyses: Examination of Underpowered Studies in Cochrane Reviews672 cited
2017The Power of Bias in Economics Research634 cited
2015Neither fixed nor random: weighted least squares meta‐analysis253 cited
2017Low statistical power in biomedical science: a review of three human research domains206 cited
2011Statistically significant meta-analyses of clinical trials have modest credibility and inflated effects160 cited
2017Finding the power to reduce publication bias131 cited
2015The Replication Paradox: Combining Studies can Decrease Accuracy of Effect Size Estimates69 cited

Cited by

2020The Wages of Mothers' Labor: A Meta‐Regression Analysis38 cited
2024Finding the right power balance: Better study design and collaboration can reduce dependence on statistical power36 cited
2022Systematic Reviews in Health Research29 cited
2025Reporting of cluster randomised crossover trials: extension of the CONSORT 2010 statement with explanation and elaboration

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25 cited

2022Statistical power in clinical trials of interventions for mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorders24 cited

2023Methodology reporting improved over time in 176,469 randomized controlled trials19 cited

2021Current use of effect size or confidence interval analyses in clinical and biomedical research17 cited

2021A mistaken confidence in data15 cited

2022Publication bias impacts on effect size, statistical power, and magnitude (Type M) and sign (Type S) errors in ecology and evolutionary biology14 cited

2023Accuracy and precision of fixed and random effects in meta‐analyses of randomized control trials for continuous outcomes13 cited

2024An evaluation of reproducibility and errors in published sample size calculations performed using G*Power13 cited

2020A simple model suggesting economically rational sample-size choice drives irreproducibility11 cited