Hope and Anxiety

Abstract

This chapter compares and contrasts two current theories of hope, as operationalized by the Snyder Hope Scale and the Herth Hope Scale. The primary focus is on theoretical and empirical relationships between hope and anxiety. The differences between panic-related and anxious apprehension (general anxiety) as per Barlow’s model are described, and it is argued that hope has stronger theoretical links to general anxiety than to panic-related anxiety. Specifically, linkages between the goal pursuit feedback loops described by hope theory and Barlow’s anxious apprehension model are highlighted, illustrating how hope may be negatively related to anxious apprehension and how anxious apprehension may interfere with hope during pursuit of a goal. The current empirical literature relating hope to anxiety is critically reviewed, and suggestions for future research are discussed.

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