The nature, scale and beneficiaries of research impact:An initial analysis of the Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2014 impact case studies

Abstract

The word cloud on the front cover visualizes the 'Details of the impact' (Section 4) of the 2014 REF impact case studies.The clouds give greater prominence to words that appear more frequently in the source text.In total 6,247,292 words were harvested from Section 4 of the 6,679 non-redacted case studies.After 'stop' words (eg 'and' 'the', 'but', etc.) were removed, this gave 3,730,769 words and 108,717 unique words (or 'tokens').Removing low frequency items (10 or fewer occurrences) resulted in 19,266 unique words, with the illustrated word cloud showing the most frequent 684 words.We used a word cloud generator (www.jasondavies.com/wordcloud/)for this visualization.The nature, scale and beneficiaries of research impact: An initial analysis of Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2014 impact case studies Research Report 2015/01 King's College London and Digital Science March 2015

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