Sporadic and recurrent non-suicidal self-injury before age 14 and incident onset of psychiatric disorders by 17 years: prospective cohort study

Paul Oliver Wilkinson · Tianyou Qiu · Sharon Neufeld · Peter Brian Jones · Ian Michael Goodyer

144 citations0/0 files storedThe British Journal of Psychiatry

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Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Personality Disorders and Psychopathology Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is highly prevalent in adolescents and may be a behavioural marker for emergent mental illnesses. Aims To determine whether sporadic or recurrent NSSI up to the age of 14 years predicted increased risk of new onset of psychiatric disorder in the subsequent 3 years, independent of psychiatric symptoms and social risk factors. METHOD: In total, 945 individuals aged 14 years with no past/present history of mental illness completed a clinical interview and completed a questionnaire about NSSI at the ages of 14 and 17 years. RESULTS: Recurrent NSSI at baseline predicted total disorders, depression and eating disorders. Sporadic baseline NSSI predicted new onset of anxiety disorders only. CONCLUSIONS: NSSI (especially recurrent NSSI) in the early-adolescent years is a behavioural marker of newly emerging mental illnesses. Professionals should treat both recurrent and sporadic NSSI as important risk factors, and prevention strategies could be targeted at this vulnerable group. Declaration of interest None.

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2022Age and gender effects on non-suicidal self-injury, and their interplay with psychological distress 2020Non-suicidal self-injury disorder as a stand-alone diagnosis in a consecutive help-seeking sample of adolescents 2019Investigating the DSM-5 criteria for non-suicidal self-injury disorder in a community sample of adolescents 2020Fluctuations in Affective States and Self-Efficacy to Resist Non-Suicidal Self-Injury as Real-Time Predictors of Non-Suicidal Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors

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