Barriers to Screening Pregnant Women for Domestic Violence: A Cross-Sectional Study

Simon Githui · Margaret Chege · Miriam CA Wagoro · James Mwaura

15 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Community & Public Health Nursing

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions Elder Abuse and Neglect

Abstract

BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Domestic Violence (DV) is associated with serious consequences to the survivor's physical, emotional, sexual, social and mental well-being. DV screening ensures timely detection of violence and hence promotes timely intervention. This timely intervention has the potential of averting adverse outcomes of DV to the survivor. Globally, the prevalence of DV among women is 35% and in Kenya its 49% among women and 13.5% among pregnant women. Despite the adverse outcome of DV in pregnancy, screening during pregnancy lags behind in Kenya. PURPOSE: To assess the nursing barriers to screening pregnant women for DV. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study of 125 nurses selected by random sampling method was conducted at a National Maternity Hospital in Kenya. Data was collected for 8 weeks using researchers developed structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Chi-square test was used to determine significance of relationships between nominal variables. A P-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Study results revealed that 16% (n=8) of nurses routinely screened pregnant women for DV. Non-screening behavior of nurses was associated with lack of DV screening training during their education program (P=0.002), fear of the partner's reaction (P=0.004) and lack of mentors and role models in DV screening (P=0.005). Lack of cooperation from other health professionals was also associated with non-screening of DV (P=0.016). THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: The results of this study point to the need of developing hospital's protocols on DV management and considering integrating DV screening in the routine medical screening of pregnant women during antenatal care. CONCLUSION: The study showed that the nurse's prevalence of screening pregnant women for DV is low at 16% due to various barriers.

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References

2000Physical Health Consequences of Physical and Psychological Intimate Partner Violence 2011A Systematic Review of African Studies on Intimate Partner Violence against Pregnant Women: Prevalence and Risk Factors 2013Screening for Intimate Partner Violence and Abuse of Elderly and Vulnerable Adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement 2003Intimate partner violence and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A population-based study 2006Gender‐Based Violence 2008Domestic Violence and Chronic Malnutrition among Women and Children in India 2007Factors influencing identification of and response to intimate partner violence: a survey of physicians and nurses 2006Missed Opportunities: Emergency Department Visits by Police-Identified Victims of Intimate Partner Violence

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