Attributions of victim blame in stranger and acquaintance rape: A quantitative study

Sofia Persson · Katie Dhingra · Sarah Grogan

56 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Clinical Nursing

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Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies Gender and Feminist Studies Intimate Partner and Family Violence

Abstract

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To, on a sample of nurses and the general public, examine whether victim blame varies according to level of familiarly between victim and perpetrator. It also examines how Ambivalent Sexism and Rape Myth Acceptance impact on this. BACKGROUND: Around one in five women will be victims of sexual assault during their lifetime. The majority are acquaintance rapes, and these victims are generally attributed more blame than victims of stranger rape. Research indicates that nurses hold similar attitudes on gender roles and victim blame as do the general public. METHODS: Eighty-one participants read a story depicting a sexual assault of a woman by either a stranger or an acquaintance and completed scales measuring victim blame, Ambivalent Sexism and Rape Myth Acceptance. RESULTS: The results of this study indicated that victim-perpetrator relationship, Benevolent Sexism, Hostile Sexism and whether the participant was a nurse contributed to the variance in attributed victim blame. Hierarchical regressions revealed that whether or not the participant was a nurse contributed to the variance in victim blame in the acquaintance rape condition, and Hostile Sexism and Benevolent Sexism contributed to the variance in victim blame in the stranger rape condition. CONCLUSIONS: This paper gives a novel insight into attitudes involved in victim blame in rape cases and makes a unique comparison between nurses and the general public. Findings suggest that victim blame correlates primarily with aggressively sexist attitudes and that nurses generally attribute more blame to the victim of acquaintance rape. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This study has practical implications for the provision of medical services for victims of sexual assault, as it highlights problems in identifying and accessing rape victims, as well as recommending the sexual assault training of all practicing nurses.

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References

1996The Ambivalent Sexism Inventory: Differentiating hostile and benevolent sexism.1991Measurement and Control of Response Bias 2006Extent, Nature, and Consequences of Rape Victimization: Findings From the National Violence Against Women Survey 2003Perceptions of stranger and acquaintance rape: The role of benevolent and hostile sexism in victim blame and rape proclivity.2012Attribution of blame in rape cases: A review of the impact of rape myth acceptance, gender role conformity and substance use on victim blaming 1988Stranger and Acquaintance Rape: Are There Differences In the Victim's Experience?2002Repeat Rape and Multiple Offending Among Undetected Rapists 2011Ambivalent Sexism Revisited

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2019“Should Have Known Better than to Fraternize with a Black Man”: Structural Racism Intersects Rape Culture to Intensify Attributions of Acquaintance Rape Victim Culpability 2021Moderating Factors in Culpability Ratings and Rape Proclivity in Stranger and Acquaintance Rape: Validation of Rape Vignettes in a Community Sample 2019Rape and the Jury

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