Explanatory definition of the concept of spiritual health: a qualitative study in Iran.

Ahmad Ghaderi · Saharnaz Nedjat · Mohsen Javadi · Bagher A. Larijani

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Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology Health, psychology, and well-being Workplace Spirituality and Leadership

Abstract

Scientists and researchers have examined spiritual health from different angles and proposed various definitions, but a comprehensive definition does not exist for the term as of now. The present study aimed to offer the definition, components and indicators of spiritual health from experts' perspective. This qualitative study utilized conventional content analysis and individual in-depth interviews with 22 experts in the area of spiritual health in various fields selected through purposeful sampling. Member check, credibility, reliability, transferability and allocation of adequate time for data collection were measured to increase the validity and reliability of the results. Conventional content analysis was performed in three main phases: preparation, organization and reporting, and the categories, subcategories and codes emerged accordingly. Participants defined spiritual health in three dimensions: religious, individualistic, and material world-oriented. The study revealed four types of connection in spiritual health: human connection with God, himself, others and the nature. The majority of participants stated that spiritual health and spirituality were different, and pointed out the following characteristics for spiritual health: it affects physical, mental, and social health; it dominates other aspects of health; there are religious and existential approaches to spiritual health; it is perceptible in people's behavior; and it can be enhanced and improved. Most experts recognized human connection with God as the most important part of the definition of spiritual health. In conclusion, the connection between humans and themselves, others and the nature was not seen as a component specific to spiritual health.

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References

2009Improving the Quality of Spiritual Care as a Dimension of Palliative Care: The Report of the Consensus Conference 1999Critical Analysis of Spirituality and its Empirical Indicators 2015The role of gratitude in spiritual well-being in asymptomatic heart failure patients.2015The impact of nurses' spiritual health on their attitudes toward spiritual care, professional commitment, and caring 2010Spiritual health, clinical practice stress, depressive tendency and health‐promoting behaviours among nursing students 2006Spiritual health: the next frontier 2016Nurse education and willingness to provide spiritual care 2014Multidimensional Approach Toward Spiritual Coping: Construction and Validation of the Spiritual Coping Questionnaire (SCQ)

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