Male Social Status and Women's Work

Arielle Bernhardt · Erica Field · Rohini Pande · Natalia Rigol · Simone G. Schaner · Charity Troyer Moore

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Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics Work-Family Balance Challenges Labour Market and Migration

Abstract

Female labor force participation varies significantly even among countries with similar levels of economic development. Recent studies have shown that gender norms can help explain these differences in women's work, but the channels through which norms impact women's employment decisions are not well understood. We present novel data on spouses' preferences and perceptions of community attitudes about female labor in rural India and document associations with female work. We find that the perceived social cost of women's work falls on men and that husbands' opposition to female labor is associated with their wives' lower take-up of employment.

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References

2000Economics and Identity*2013On the Origins of Gender Roles: Women and the Plough *2009Culture: An Empirical Investigation of Beliefs, Work, and Fertility 2015Gender Identity and Relative Income within Households *2016Norm Perception as a Vehicle for Social Change 2013Cultural Change as Learning: The Evolution of Female Labor Force Participation over a Century

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