Article2018

Is Personal Initiative Training a Substitute or Complement to the Existing Human Capital of Women? Results from a Randomized Trial in Togo

Francisco Campos · Michael Fresé · Markus Goldstein · Leonardo Iacovone · Hillary C. Johnson · David John McKenzie +1 more

24 citations0/0 files storedAEA Papers and Proceedings

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Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics Microfinance and Financial Inclusion

Abstract

Personal initiative training—a psychology-based mindset training program— delivers lasting improvements for female business owners in Togo. Which types of women benefit most? Theories of dynamic complementarity would suggest training should work better for those with higher pre-existing human capital, but there are also reasons why existing human capital might inhibit training participation or substitute for its effects. We examine the heterogeneity in treatment impact according to different types of human capital. We find little evidence of either complementarities or substitutability, suggesting this new business training approach can work for a wide range of human capital levels.

Citations in this library

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References

2007The Technology of Skill Formation 2013What Are We Learning from Business Training and Entrepreneurship Evaluations around the Developing World?2017Teaching personal initiative beats traditional training in boosting small business in West Africa 2016Business Practices in Small Firms in Developing Countries

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2022Skills training and business outcomes: Experimental evidence from Liberia

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