Evaluation of a mobile approach to gender-based violence service delivery among Syrian refugees in Lebanon

Pamela S. Lilleston · Liliane Winograd · Spogmay Ahmed · Dounia Salamé · Dayana Al Alam · Kirsten Stoebenau +2 more

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Migration, Health and Trauma Gender, Security, and Conflict

Abstract

As the landscape of humanitarian response shifts from camp-based to urban- and informal-tented settlement-based responses, service providers and policymakers must consider creative modes for delivering health services. Psychosocial support and case management can be life-saving services for refugee women and girls who are at increased risk for physical, sexual and psychological gender-based violence (GBV). However, these services are often unavailable in non-camp refugee settings. We evaluated an innovative mobile service delivery model for GBV response and mitigation implemented by the International Rescue Committee (IRC) in Lebanon. In October 2015, we conducted in-depth interviews with IRC staff (n = 11), Syrian refugee women (n = 40) and adolescent girls (n = 26) to explore whether the mobile services meet the support needs of refugees and uphold international standards for GBV service delivery. Recruitment was conducted via purposive sampling. Data were analysed using deductive and inductive approaches in NVivo. Findings suggest that by providing free, flexible service delivery in women's own communities, the mobile model overcame barriers that limited women's and girls' access to essential services, including transportation, checkpoints, cost and gendered expectations around mobility and domestic responsibilities. Participants described the services as strengthening social networks, reducing feelings of idleness and isolation, and increasing knowledge and self-confidence. Results indicate that the model requires skilled, creative staff who can assess community readiness for activities, quickly build trust and ensure confidentiality in contexts of displacement and disruption. Referring survivors to legal and medical services was challenging in a context with limited access to quality services. The IRC's mobile service delivery model is a promising approach for accessing hard-to-reach refugee populations with critical GBV services.

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References

2001The Influence of Culture, Community, and the Nested‐Self in the Stress Process: Advancing Conservation of Resources Theory 2017The contemporary refugee crisis: an overview of mental health challenges 2006The Impact of Physical, Psychological, and Sexual Intimate Male Partner Violence on Women's Mental Health: Depressive Symptoms, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, State Anxiety, and Suicide 2011Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response 2014Addressing violence against women: a call to action 2005Intimate Partner Violence and Long-Term Psychosocial Functioning in a National Sample of American Women 2011A Systematic Review of Prevalence Studies of Gender-Based Violence in Complex Emergencies 2012A Congolese community-based health program for survivors of sexual violence

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2025Women’s experiences of gender-based violence supports through an intersectional lens: a global scoping review 2021The Latest Treatment Interventions Improving Mental Health Outcomes for Women, Following Gender-Based Violence in Low-and-Middle-Income Countries: A Mini Review 2023Reducing Violence Against Women and Girls in the Arab League: A Systematic Review of Preventive Interventions

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