Classification pipeline for automatic identification of widgets and its parts

Abstract

Since Web 2.0, web applications rely more and more in JavaScript to deploy complex interaction mechanisms and visual effects in Rich Internet Applications (RIA) [6], that implement an ambivalent architecture, based on widgets to deliver rich interaction scenarios to users. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) define widgets as a "discrete user interface object with which the user can interact". Widgets, frequently, generate dynamic updates to the Document Object Model (DOM) structure of a webpage and require visual perception of users to notify them about these changes [4]. However, blind people employ screen readers to listen and navigate web content sequentially in the order it is laid out in HTML source code. Unfortunately, screen readers do not recognize widgets that appear dynamically on the screen if in their HTML codes the Accessible Rich Internet Applications (ARIA) rules were not included [5].

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