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Rose-Marie Weber Donald F. Sola The most widespread Native Ameri can language is Quechua, spoken in Peru and neighboring countries of western South America. Within Peru, roughly a fourth of the population of 16 million speak Que chua as a mother tongue. In many rural areas located high in the Andes, few children who enter the expand ing school system know Spanish, the traditional language of formal in struction in Peru; fewer than 5% reach the secondary schools. In the early 1970s, encouraged by a general educational reform, the Pe ruvian Ministry of Education formu lated a policy for bilingual education in order to strengthen the pedagogi cal effects of basic elementary educa tion in the rural areas. Under a new pluralistic philosophy, both Que chua and Spanish were to be used in the classroom to take advantage of indigenous languages like Quechua and the lifeways associated with them for the enrichment of Peruvian
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