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Historians of imperialism have paid little attention to the Japanese experience. This chapter outlines the nature of the Japanese community in Shanghai and its major characteristics. It examines its major organisations and how they shaped a community life. The chapter explores the major activities and challenges of the Japanese residents. Shanghai's reputation as a city of opportunities must have circulated broadly in Japan and the city served as a magnet for a domestic population facing the scarcities of a rigorous war economy. Of all the foreign communities in Shanghai, and probably in China, the Japanese were beyond any doubt the most organised and regulated. Two major factors may explain this phenomenon: the strong involvement of the state in the control of its subjects, and the overreaction of Japanese residents to Chinese nationalism.
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