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Trolleybus transport is undoubtedly one of the ecologically clean types of mass urban public transport.Over the years trolleybuses had a variable appeal.There were periods in history when trolleybus transport was widely developed in the world and periods when trolleybuses were replaced with other forms of transport.Nowadays, in 2010 this mode of transport it is in its glory days, what is compounded by the impact of the liquid fuels crisis.Large number of cities, especially in Western Europe return to trolleybus transport as it has great advantages: trolleybuses do not produce pollution, low cost of their operation and considerably lower costs of trolleybus infrastructure in comparison with rail transport.Nowadays, there are more than 300 trolleybus systems all over the world and over half of them operates in Europe (excluding the Russian Federation, where there are several dozen cities with trolleybus systems).In the last decade some new trolleybus networks were opened in Spain, Sweden and Italy.There are also plans for some new systems in Finland and Great Britain.Already existing trolleybus networks in many cities are being intensively developed and their fleets are being modernized.This process is especially visible in, so called, new members of the European Union as this kind of investments are financed from the Cohesion Fund, which is the EU's financial instrument to reduce economic and social disparities between the old and new members.This book presents trolleybus systems of nine EU cities: Coimbra (Portugal), Castellón (Spain), Landskrona (Sweden), Szeged (Hungary), Plzeň and Pardubice (The Czech Republic) and Lublin, Tychy and Gdynia (Poland, compare with the map, fig.1).The abovementioned systems can be divided into networks that have been operating for several dozen years and bran new ones.They are different networks from Western and Eastern Europe.
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