Racial/Ethnic Differences in Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Rates Among Older Adults in New York City and Los Angeles and Orange Counties

Stephanie C. Tse · Laura C. Wyatt · Chau Trinh‐Shevrin · Simona C. Kwon

30 citations0/0 files storedPreventing Chronic Disease

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Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections Health disparities and outcomes

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Disparities in vaccination rates exist among racial/ethnic minority adults. This study examined factors associated with influenza (flu) and pneumococcal vaccination rates among non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, and Asian American adults aged 50 or older living in New York City or Los Angeles and Orange counties in California. METHODS: We used data collected by the REACH US Risk Factor Survey 2009-2012 in New York City and California. We analyzed data on 14,139 adults aged 50 or older who were categorized as non-Hispanic black (New York City [n = 1,715], California [n = 530]), Hispanic (New York City [n = 2,667], California [n = 1,099]), Chinese American (New York City [n = 1,656]), Korean American (New York City [n = 310]), Filipino American (California [n = 1,515]), or Vietnamese American (California [n = 3,435]). Bivariate analyses examined difference across race/ethnicity and location, and multivariable logistic regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic and health variables, examined flu and pneumococcal vaccination rates. RESULTS: Among adults aged 50 or older, the flu vaccination rate was lower among non-Hispanic black respondents (New York City, 53.3%; California, 40.5%) than among Hispanic (New York City, 61.0%; California, 49.4%), Chinese (New York City, 67.6%), Korean (New York City, 60.5%), Filipino (California, 66.2%), and Vietnamese (California, 68.0%) respondents. Among adults aged 65 or older, pneumococcal vaccination rates were lowest among Chinese and Korean respondents in New York City (51.7% and 49.1%, respectively), compared with non-Hispanic black (New York City, 62.0%, California, 65.6%), Hispanic (New York City, 60.0%; California 62.7%), Filipino (California, 63.4%), and Vietnamese (California, 63.8%) respondents. Older age, having had a checkup in the past year, and diabetes diagnosis were significantly associated with flu and pneumococcal vaccination in both locations. Additional variables were significant for some vaccinations and locations. CONCLUSION: When compared with Asian American respondents, non-Hispanic black respondents were least likely to receive the flu vaccine in New York City and California. We found no racial/ethnic differences in pneumococcal vaccination rates. Our findings highlight the need for targeted efforts to increase vaccination rates among racial/ethnic minority older adults.

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References

2001Reliability and validity of measures from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).2016Surveillance of Vaccination Coverage Among Adult Populations — United States, 2014 2012Problems With the Collection and Interpretation of Asian-American Health Data: Omission, Aggregation, and Extrapolation 2010Methodological Issues in the Collection, Analysis, and Reporting of Granular Data in Asian American Populations: Historical Challenges and Potential Solutions 2011Surveillance of health status in minority communities - Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health Across the U.S. (REACH U.S.) Risk Factor Survey, United States, 2009.2013CDC Health Disparities and Inequalities Report - United States, 2013. Foreword.2015Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Vaccination Coverage Among Adult Populations in the U.S.2015Racial and ethnic disparities in vaccination coverage among adult populations in the U.S.

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2022Understanding predictors of pneumococcal vaccine uptake in older adults aged 65 years and older in high-income countries across the globe: A scoping review 2021Factors Associated with Influenza Vaccination Uptake among U.S. Adults: Focus on Nativity and Race/Ethnicity 2020The risk of racial bias while tracking influenza-related content on social media using machine learning

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