Random-Effects Meta-analysis

Stylianos Serghiou · Steven N. Goodman

151 citations0/0 files storedJAMA

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Meta-analysis and systematic reviews Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials Statistical Methods in Epidemiology

Abstract

This JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods explains the difference between fixed and random effects in treatment effect estimates, and the rationale for using random-effects meta-analysis to determine treatment effects across randomized trials conducted in heterogeneous patients and settings.

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References

2003Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses 2011Interpretation of random effects meta-analyses 1999Explaining heterogeneity in meta-analysis: a comparison of methods 2014Random-Effects Meta-analysis of Inconsistent Effects: A Time for Change 2014Demystifying fixed and random effects meta-analysis

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2020Understanding the Basics of Meta-Analysis and How to Read a Forest Plot 2019The Use of (Network) Meta-Analysis in Clinical Oncology 2023Steps in undertaking meta-analysis and addressing heterogeneity in meta-analysis 2023A tutorial on Bayesian model-averaged meta-analysis in JASP 2024Heterogeneity in Systematic Reviews of Medical Imaging Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies 2025Fixed-effect versus random-effect model in meta-analysis: How to decide?2022Heterogeneity estimates in a biased world 2021A penalization approach to random‐effects meta‐analysis

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