Beyond Direct Application as an Indicator of Transfer: A Demonstration of Five Types of Use

Abstract

Concern has been raised regarding the limited conceptual development in understanding the multidimensionality of training transfer constructs and the need for additional methods for measuring the application of training to the job. The current study targets the dynamics of transfer by applying a taxonomy that identified five distinct types of use that trainees may exhibit once back on the job after a training workshop. A newly created survey instrument was constructed for this study to measure each of the five types of transfer as use including the actions of performing, assessing, explaining, instructing, and leading. Confirmatory factor analysis of the survey responses from 121 workshop participants support the hypothesized five types of transfer as use long after the workshops had been completed. The results demonstrate the need for trainers to expand the measurement of transfer to provide a more comprehensive assessment of the application of trained knowledge and skills over time. Study limitations as well as future research directions are also provided.

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