Improved Facial Expression Recognition Based on DWT Feature for Deep CNN

Bendjillali Ridha Ilyas · Mohammed Beladgham · Khaled Merit · Abdelmalik Taleb Ahmed

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Emotion and Mood Recognition Face recognition and analysis Face and Expression Recognition

Abstract

Facial expression recognition (FER) has become one of the most important fields of research in pattern recognition. In this paper, we propose a method for the identification of facial expressions of people through their emotions. Being robust against illumination changes, this method combines four steps: Viola–Jones face detection algorithm, facial image enhancement using contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) algorithm, the discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and deep convolutional neural network (CNN). We have used Viola–Jones to locate the face and facial parts; the facial image is enhanced using CLAHE; then facial features extraction is done using DWT; and finally, the extracted features are used directly to train the CNN network, for the purpose of classifying the facial expressions. Our experimental work was performed on the CK+ database and JAFFE face database. The results obtained using this network were 96.46% and 98.43%, respectively.

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References

2002Comprehensive database for facial expression analysis 2016Facial expression recognition with Convolutional Neural Networks: Coping with few data and the training sample order 2015Deeply Learning Deformable Facial Action Parts Model for Dynamic Expression Analysis 2017Facial Expression Recognition Using Weighted Mixture Deep Neural Network Based on Double-Channel Facial Images 2015DeXpression: Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Expression Recognition 2015Face expression recognition with a 2-channel Convolutional Neural Network

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2023New Trends in Emotion Recognition Using Image Analysis by Neural Networks, a Systematic Review 2021A Facial Expression Recognition Method Based on a Multibranch Cross-Connection Convolutional Neural Network 2021Virtual facial expression recognition using deep CNN with ensemble learning 2021Automatic Pain Estimation from Facial Expressions: A Comparative Analysis Using Off-the-Shelf CNN Architectures

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