A Family Study of Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome

David L. Pauls · John M. Stevenson · James Frederick Leckman

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Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research Stuttering Research and Treatment

Abstract

Previous studies have demonstrated that Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (TS) is a familial disorder and that chronic tics (CT) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) appear to be etiologically related to the syndrome. In the present study we report the results from a study of 338 biological relatives of 86 TS probands, 21 biologically unrelated relatives of adopted TS probands, and 22 relatives of normal subjects. The 43 first-degree relatives of the adopted TS and normal probands constituted a control sample. The rates of TS, CT, and OCD in the total sample of biological relatives of TS probands were significantly greater than in the relatives of controls. In addition, the morbid risks of TS, OCD, and CT were not significantly different in families of probands with OCD when compared to relatives of probands without OCD. These findings provide further evidence that OCD is etiologically related to TS.

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References

1981National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule 1982Best Estimate of Lifetime Psychiatric Diagnosis 1986Gilles de la Tourette's Syndrome and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 1986The Inheritance of Gilles de la Tourette's Syndrome and Associated Behaviors

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1995Demographic and Clinical Features of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents 2011Is obsessive–compulsive disorder an anxiety disorder, and what, if any, are spectrum conditions? A family study perspective 2002The behavioral spectrum of tic disorders 2004Obsessive-compulsive disorder phenotypes: implications for genetic studies 2005A family study of early-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder 2002Genome‐wide linkage analysis of families with obsessive‐compulsive disorder ascertained through pediatric probands 2011European clinical guidelines for Tourette Syndrome and other tic disorders. Part I: assessment 2010The genetics of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a review

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