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The focus of this paper is on variables distinguishing elderly altruists from those engaging in lesser degrees of helping. Respondents were 400 persons aged 65-100; 200 were randomly chosen from the general community, and 200 from age-homogeneous apartment complexes. Study participants were classified as high helpers (altruists) vs. low helpers based on responses to altruism scales. Three stepwise discriminant function analyses were then performed to predict membership in the two helper groups--one for the entire sample, and one for each residential subsample. A general finding of the study was that those respondents categorized as altruists, in contrast to the less helpful elderly, expressed a high degree of willingness to incur costs or risks. In addition, elderly altruists are more likely than the less helpful elderly to perceive themselves as healthy, they possess personality/motivational characteristics associated with altruism in other age groups--including social responsibility and internal locus of control, and they appear to experience high degrees of psychosocial well-being. Results of the separate analyses indicated that the study variables accurately classified 87.9% of the cases for the totrl sample, 92.8% of the senior residents, and 83.4% of elderly respondents in the sample of independent livers. WHO HELPS? ATTITUDES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ELDERLY ALTRUISTS. L'. Midlarsky, University of Detroit, Detroit, MI, and E. Kahana, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
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