Articlegold2019

Characterization and Provenance of Archaeological Obsidian from Pirozza-Spalmatore, a Site of Neolithic Colonization on the Island of Ustica (Sicily)

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Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis Archaeology and ancient environmental studies Archaeological and Geological Studies

Abstract

Abstract This article presents the first archaeometric research carried out so far on a group of obsidian artifacts collected in the promontory of Pirozza-Spalmatore, the site of a Neolithic settlement on the small island of Ustica (Sicily, Italy). The obsidian assemblage, consisting of 28 artifacts, was subjected to optical, typological and geochemical analyses, the latter carried out by means of a portable pXRF, in order to determine their provenance. The results indicate that 89% of the fragments come from geologic obsidian outcrops on the island of Lipari, and 11% from the island of Pantelleria. It is thus ascertained that, during the Neolithic, Ustica used two different sources of obsidian, located 150–250 km away from the site. These obsidian sources were typical of some western Sicily prehistoric villages, while eastern Sicilian villages seem to have imported obsidian exclusively from Lipari. The analyses indicate that all the obsidian artifacts attributed to Lipari come from the geological deposit of Gabellotto, while those attributed to Pantelleria come from the two distinct deposits of Lago di Venere and Balata dei Turchi.

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References

2016Using Nondestructive Portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometers on Stone, Ceramics, Metals, and Other Materials in Museums: Advantages and Limitations 2001Chemical Fingerprinting and Source Tracing of Obsidian: The Central Mediterranean Trade in Black Gold 1999Chemical Characterization of Obsidians from Different Mediterranean Sources by Non-destructive SEM-EDS Analytical Method 2007NON‐DESTRUCTIVE ANALYTIC METHOD USING XRF FOR DETERMINATION OF PROVENANCE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL OBSIDIANS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN AREA: A COMPARISON WITH TRADITIONAL XRF METHODS*2017Obsidian Studies in the Prehistoric Central Mediterranean: After 50 Years, What Have We Learned and What Still Needs to Be Done?2013Source Analysis of Prehistoric Obsidian Artifacts in Sicily (Italy) Using pXRF 2017A long-term perspective on the exploitation of Lipari obsidian in central Mediterranean prehistory 2017A Decade of Portable (Hand-Held) X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer Analysis of Obsidian in the Mediterranean: Many Advantages and Few Limitations

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2018THE Black Gold that came from the sea. A review of Obsidian studies at the island of Ustica 2021Obsidian from the Site of Piano dei Cardoni, Ustica (Palermo, Italy): Preliminary Results on the First Occupation of the Island

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