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This study focuses on the construction of an agent-based simulation system for a round-trip bus line. Generalized system cost is used as the evaluation index in this system. First, the agent-based model framework and process of bus transit line simulation is established. Second, an agent-based simulation system of bus transit line is developed. This system includes three main function modules which combine with the updating of system operation parameters and the cost statistics data to complete simulation of the dynamic operation process of a bus transit line. Third, by using this system, several simulation experiments of different given scenarios (by changing the departure interval and stop spacing) are conducted to obtain the optimal operation plans, which provides an effective way to analyze the corresponding changes in bus operation system, evaluate its performance, and optimize the bus transit line.
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