Scientometrics and the evaluation of European integration

Abstract

1. INTRODUCTION A fascinating facet of the European Union is the multiplicity of meanings that are generated with respect to European integration. Different perceptions among Europeans contest the meaning of integration in general and regarding each social subsystem (economy, politics, science, sports, etc.) in particular. It is therefore both surprising and understandable that relatively few attempts have been reported to measure European integration in a formal way. This is surprising because of the importance of the question, but understandable because of the changing and conflicting meanings of European integration (Leydesdorff, 1992; Luukkonen, 1998). In this chapter, we elaborate on the topic of European integration in science. We will not deal with questions related to the effects of European integration, but only with the scientometric question how one can quantitatively indicate integration of the European science system. This research question is in a certain sense a

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