Contending with Ableism from Internalized Ableism to Collective Action

Abstract

This chapter focuses on ableism's effects for disabled people, the “targets” of prejudice. It begins by describing research on stigmatized group members in general and how chronic discrimination, or episodes of discrimination, can be associated with negative health, achievement, and self-esteem patterns. The chapter also describes some of the unique features of disability prejudice that differ from prejudices against other groups. Then it compares and contrasts coping styles that disabled people might use to respond to prejudice. Specifically, social identity theory postulates that people may handle a devalued identity (such as having a disability) through either individualistic or collectivistic coping strategies. Individualistic strategies include minimizing, hiding, or otherwise distancing oneself from a disability identity. These strategies can help individuals escape stigma and discrimination at times. Collectivistic strategies include disability pride, affiliating with others who have disabilities, and engaging in collective action to redefine disability and counteract ableism.

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