Determinants of vaccine hesitancy in Quebec: a large population-based survey

Maryse Guay · Virginie Gosselin · Geneviève Petit · Geneviève Baron · Arnaud Gagneur

77 citations0/0 files storedHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy Misinformation and Its Impacts Risk Perception and Management

Abstract

Objectives: Vaccine hesitancy is a global phenomenon that needs to be measured and addressed. This study aimed to identify the determinants of vaccine hesitancy among a large regional population.Methods: A structured telephone survey was administered to a random digit sample in Quebec’s Eastern Townships region. In addition to socioeconomic information, respondents were asked questions on several health topics such as knowledge and beliefs about immunization, medical consultations, health status, and life habits. Data were weighted according to age, sex, and territories. Statistically significant variables in the univariate analysis were introduced into a multivariate logistic regression model to determine independent factors for vaccine hesitancy (adjusted odds ratios [aOR] and 95% confidence intervals).Results: A total of 8,737 interviews were conducted (participation rate 48.3%). Among all respondents, 32.2% were vaccine-hesitant. Several beliefs were significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy: belief that children receive too many vaccines (aOR = 2.72; 2.32–3.18), belief that a healthy lifestyle can eliminate the need for vaccination (aOR = 2.48; 2.09–2.93), and belief that the use of alternative medicine practices can eliminate the need for vaccination (aOR = 1.39; 1.16–1.68). Other determinants associated with vaccine hesitancy were having consulted a massage therapist (aOR = 2.34; 1.46–3.75), not being vaccinated against influenza (aOR = 1.80; 1.49–2.16), having a low (<$30,000) (aOR = 1.58; 1.24–2.02) or moderate ($30,000–$79,000) (aOR = 1.37; 1.12–1.67) household income, distrust in public health authorities (aOR = 1.40; 1.21–1.63), perceived insufficient knowledge about immunization (aOR = 1.26; 1.04–1.51), and smoking (aOR = 1.22; 1.01–1.47).Conclusions: Many determinants are related to vaccine hesitancy. These determinants should be taken into account when health professionals engage with vaccine-hesitant individuals.

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References

1974Historical Origins of the Health Belief Model 2015Vaccine hesitancy: Definition, scope and determinants 2014Understanding vaccine hesitancy around vaccines and vaccination from a global perspective: A systematic review of published literature, 2007–2012 2014Effective Messages in Vaccine Promotion: A Randomized Trial 2009Vaccine Refusal, Mandatory Immunization, and the Risks of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases 1978Construct Validation of the Health Belief Model 2012Communicating with parents about vaccination: a framework for health professionals 2015Strategies intended to address vaccine hesitancy: Review of published reviews

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