Vaccination Coverage by Age 24 Months Among Children Born in 2015 and 2016 — National Immunization Survey-Child, United States, 2016–2018

Abstract

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends that children be vaccinated against 14 potentially serious illnesses during the first 24 months of life (1).CDC used data from the National Immunization Survey-Child (NIS-Child) to assess vaccination coverage with the recommended number of doses of each vaccine at the national, state, territorial, and selected local levels* among children born in 2015 and 2016.Coverage by age 24 months was at least 90% nationally for ≥3 doses of poliovirus vaccine, ≥1 dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR), ≥3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB), and ≥1 dose of varicella vaccine, although MMR coverage was <90% in 20 states.Children were least likely to be up to date by age 24 months with ≥2 doses of influenza vaccine (56.6%).Only 1.3% of children born in 2015 and 2016 had received no vaccinations by the second birthday.Coverage was lower for uninsured children and for children insured by Medicaid than for those with private health insurance.Vaccination coverage can be increased by improving access to vaccine providers and eliminating missed opportunities to vaccinate children during health care visits.Increased use of local vaccination coverage data is needed to identify communities at higher risk for outbreaks of measles and other vaccine-preventable diseases.The NIS-Child is a random-digit-dialed telephone survey † of parents or guardians of children aged 19-35 months.* Estimates for states, selected local areas, and the territory of Guam are available online at https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-managers/coverage/childvaxview/ data-reports/index.html.Certain local areas that receive federal Section 317 immunization funds are sampled separately and included in the NIS-Child sample every year (Chicago, Illinois; New York, New York; Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania; Bexar County, Texas; and Houston, Texas).Other local areas in Texas have been sampled in some survey years and not others, including El Paso County (survey years 2014-2017); Dallas County (survey years 2016 and 2017); Hildago County (survey years 2015 and 2018); Tarrant County (survey year 2018); and Travis County (survey year 2017).The NIS-Child was also conducted in Guam, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands; however, data collection in Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands was suspended during 2017 because of the severity of the hurricane season and did not occur at all in 2018, resulting in insufficient data for estimation of vaccination coverage by 24 months among children born during 2015-2016.National estimates in this report exclude all territories.† NIS-Child used a landline-only sampling frame from 1995 through 2010. From 2011 through 2017, the survey was conducted using a dual-frame design, with both cellular and landline sampling frames included.In 2018, the NIS-Child returned to a single-frame design, with all interviews conducted by cellular telephone.

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